Over the past five to seven years, organizations have come to understand that APIs are fundamental not just to their technology strategy, but their overall business strategy too. While many banking institutions have moved slower towards an Open API strategy, market forces are now demanding that they move more quickly. Cloud Elements’ Head of Product Marketing Ross Garrett shares his thoughts on the imperative of adopting an open API strategy at financial institutions and fintech companies.
- Q. Why are APIs becoming more important to financial institutions in the digital age?
A. There are three key reasons why financial institutions need to execute (quickly) on their API strategy:
1. Regulatory pressure: There are new regulations, such as PSD2 in Europe, that demand banks and financial institutions enable openness and cooperation. The payment service directive is a new era of banking regulation. The purpose of PSD2 is to inspire innovation and create a level playing field in the payment space. The key objective of this regulation is that customers should own their data, not the banks. Consequently, PSD2 requires that banks offer payment services to third- party providers (TPPs) via an API.
2. Collaboration and engagement with Fintech: As the Fintech space grows, financial institutions need to collaborate, injecting the value they offer across new third-party services. This allows innovation to flourish and grow, driving more transactions and additional banking use cases that could not be possible without external intervention. Providing secure API access to systems that were once closed may be costly and expose financial institutions to additional risk, but the opportunity cost should justify the investment required.
3. Building new digital products: Traditional financial institutions are being disrupted in the rapidly changing competitive landscape. Consumer banks use mobile applications, and new digital processes to differentiate their product offering. For example, digital check deposit has become a must-have feature in the U.S. market, and real-time, global payments are key for B2B banking. APIs are the building blocks for these new digital products, providing a re-usable service layer that turns legacy systems into developer-friendly platforms.
- Q. How do APIs provide a crucial bridge between fintech companies and financial intuitions?
A. “To be truly digital, banks must pair an emphasis on customer-facing capabilities with investment in the technical, architectural, analytic and organizational foundations that enable participation in the financial services ecosystem.” – Gartner, Hype Cycle for Digital Banking Transformation, 2015
It’s generally agreed that fintech firms already play a significant role in shaping the banking platform of the future, largely because long standing financial institutions are constrained by legacy systems that can stifle innovation and agility.
But, fintech firms lack the customer base of the banking industry, and banking firms have the advantages of stability, trust and experience navigating regulations and compliance requirements in addition to access to significant capital.
Banks must transform into platforms that enable the applications and services their customers want to use. They need simple, user-friendly and reliable APIs to offer developers and partners the opportunity to innovate. They should look to the fintech community for inspiration around the digital business apps that can help maintain a competitive edge and improve customer engagement and satisfaction.
- Q. Why is it taking financial institutions longer to open their APIs?
A. One key reason that banking has been slower to embrace an Open API model is risk. There are many factors why the risk of opening APIs has (up until now at least) outweighed opportunity, but this can perhaps be boiled down to two reasons: banking is a highly regulated market; and customer trust in banks and the banking system is paramount.
With financial institutions acting as the backbone of the global economy, any uncertainty in the system or security flaws in new digital channels can have a disastrous, destabilizing effect.
Despite the risk, however, it is this trust and reach that makes access to banking APIs and a more open approach across banking product development and integration so appealing.
- Q. As data continues to explode, is there a projected outlook for increasing (or decreasing) adoption of APIs in the financial space?
A. Today’s predictions around growth and opportunity are little more than informed opinion. Therefore, clear objectives and tactics around adoption for any API solution is vital to success.
A fundamental issue when defining the business case for API services is that of volume: how many people will sign-up, how many third-party developers, how many apps, how many API calls, etc.?
In other industries, simply opening up an API and waiting for developers to come doesn’t work. Adoption must be driven, and this often means shifting the burden of integrating APIs away from customers and developers by offering pre-built integration templates and workflows between products helps customers to understand what’s possible.
Response times and service levels are increasingly important in a world demanding instant gratification. APIs need to be able to respond in real-time to external requests, and this could mean that offline business processes and back-office tasks need to be automated or replaced with digital tools.
Banking is an “always on” industry. It is vital that a financial institution’s infrastructure supports 24/7 API availability with zero downtime. The performance of the API platform will impact the end-user experience. Badly performing APIs lead to lower customer satisfaction and this not only impacts the service third parties are able to provide around the APIs, but also has a negative effect on a bank’s reputation.
Ross Garrett is the head of product marketing at Cloud Elements, where he is responsible for market strategy, product positioning and evangelism. He is a well-known speaker at developer events and other industry conferences. Ross has over 10 years of product and marketing leadership experience in the integration space, most recently at Push Technology and previously with Axway, CA and Layer 7.
